Lunana and Laya villages lies in the extreme northwest of the country bordering with Tibet and is located at an altitude of above 3400m above sea level. Due to the extreme cold climate during winter, these two communities migrate down to lower altitude valley of Punakha where it is much warmer. They make temporary makeshift camps in open space in the harvested paddy fields and allow free grazing of the horses and mules. In about 32 makeshift camps spread over few villages in Punakha, the approximate population would be around 230 people with an age range of few months old to an elderly of 75 years.
The communities around Muchivolu Zilla Parishad High School of Srikalahasti mandal depend on Livestock rearing and farming for their sustenance. The school and the villages are located in a low rain fall region, area always shortage of water due to low rain fall, it gets worsened by few deep bore wells dug by the landlords which has affected the water tables. Most of the canals and ponds are dried up due to commercial mono cropping culture, while the laborer does not own any land or permanent structures.
Ms. Sahadevamma is a daily waged worker. She didn’t have toilet in her home. After she received the subsidy worth IRs 15000.00, despite of the enough space in her premises, she constructed a toilet in her home.